http://ijaems.com/ Open Access international Journal to publish research paper en-us September Cavitation occurs in liquid flows at the operation temperature, when the local pressure reaches values lower than the vapor pressure, inducing vaporization, this phenomenon causes some potentially negative effects such as: performance deterioration, vibration noise and cavitation erosion. This research is working on the development of new approach for simulating the cavitation phenomenon by using sub-grid model for characteristic the Fine Structures which are used for simulating the cavitation phenomenon which relay on using sub-grid model to characteristic the fine structures whose are responsible for the dissipation of turbulence energy into heat as well as for the molecular mixing, these fine structure gives the space for reactions to occur. http://ijaems.com/detail/new-concept-for-simulating-the-cavitation-phenomenon-by-using-sub-grid-model-for-characteristic-the-fine-structures/ Asya Abd Alelah Alabdalah http://ijaems.com/upload_images/issue_files/1IJAEMS-109202524-New.pdf This research investigates the maturity and performance of asset management systems and lifecycle practices in private Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Cabanatuan City, Philippines, using stakeholders' feedback. In particular, it evaluates how institutional policies, data and information management, and monitoring of performance contribute towards the application of the Asset Lifecycle Management (ALM) Model. Employing a descriptive research design, information was collected via survey questionnaires administered to 120 respondents (heads, and faculty and staff). Findings indicate that the asset management system in terms of strategy and policy is very satisfactory, signifying well-defined and established guidelines. Data and information management, as well as performance management, are merely satisfactory, hinting at improvement in data integration, training, and ongoing performance assessment. The ALM model itself fares no better, being rated as satisfactory with standardized lifecycle assessment processes in place, but with little sustainability integration and strategic alignment. The findings go a long way to emphasize the need to institutionalize end-to-end asset management strategies that leverage data analytics, stakeholder engagement, and long-term planning. The research offers empirical evidence that can be used to advise policy changes and capacity development efforts aimed at enhancing asset management and sustainability within higher education institutions. http://ijaems.com/detail/asset-management-maturity-and-lifecycle-practices-based-on-stakeholders-feedback/ Dr. Josef Z. Nacino http://ijaems.com/upload_images/issue_files/2IJAEMS-108202518-Asset.pdf This study presents a solar air system designed for heating, cooling, and air conditioning in buildings. The system uses a flat-plate solar collector and a photovoltaic panel to capture solar energy. Heated air circulates through a thermal chamber to maintain indoor comfort. An electric resistor and a cold-water circuit provide backup heating or cooling. The thermal modeling is based on analytical equations and an energy signature method. Simulations are performed using Matlab with local data from Antananarivo. The system operates using a thermodynamic process similar to the Carnot cycle. Results show variable thermal efficiency throughout the day, with a performance coefficient above 3. This system ensures thermal comfort while reducing fossil energy consumption. It fits well with tropical climate conditions and the needs of low-income households. http://ijaems.com/detail/optimization-and-modeling-of-a-solar-air-system-for-residential-thermal-comfort-in-tropical-climate/ Andry Thierry Randrianarinosy, Jean Marc Fabien Sitraka Randrianirina, Liva Graffin Rakotoarimanana, Falinirina Andrianjatovo, Zely Arivelo Randriamanantany http://ijaems.com/upload_images/issue_files/3IJAEMS-10920251-Optimization.pdf In recent decades, with the increasingly serious environmental problems, more and more companies and consumers pay attention to practice green consumption. Based on the cognition-affect-behavior (C-A-B) theory, this study is intended to examine if cognition in the form of greenwashing, affect in the form of perceived green skepticism and behavior in the form of visiting the hotel. Through a survey-based approach and analysis, it has been found that greenwashing and green skepticism are important factors in predicting consumer visit intention. The positive influence of greenwashing cognition flows through green skepticism. Additionally, green skepticism mediates the relationship between greenwashing and green visit intention. The findings of this research contribute to the study of greenwashing in hospitality industry in the concept of sustainability. http://ijaems.com/detail/the-influence-of-hotel-greenwashing-on-visit-intentions-the-mediating-role-of-green-skepticism/ Chao-Chien Chen, Chia-Ju Lu, Alina Makhova, Shi-Yu Wang http://ijaems.com/upload_images/issue_files/4IJAEMS-10920259-TheInfluence.pdf This study investigates the role of legal awareness in building trust in e-commerce platforms among Generation Z consumers in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. Specifically, it examines the influence of Digital Platform Accountability (DPA), Awareness of E-Commerce Laws (AEL), and Perceived Legitimacy of Platforms (PLP) on Trust in E-Commerce Practices (TEP). A descriptive-correlational research design was employed, and data were gathered from 159 Gen Z respondents aged 18 to 26 through a validated Likert-scale questionnaire. Descriptive statistics showed that respondents generally agreed with items measuring legal awareness and trust, indicating a moderate to high level of legal consciousness. Gender-based analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in AEL, with female respondents demonstrating higher awareness. However, no significant differences were found based on online shopping frequency. Pearson correlation results indicated strong, positive, and statistically significant relationships among all.............................. http://ijaems.com/detail/understanding-the-role-of-legal-awareness-in-building-e-commerce-trust-among-gen-z-consumers/ Atty. Gerald A. Quijano, Dr. Nestor C. Natividad http://ijaems.com/upload_images/issue_files/5IJAEMS-10920256-Understanding.pdf This paper investigates the performance of a solar air collector integrated into a hybrid heating and cooling system for buildings in tropical climates, specifically in Madagascar. The study analyzes internal and external heat gains, calculates the thermal loads, and evaluates the efficiency of the solar system based on real temperature measurements. The results show that the solar collector can ensure thermal comfort, especially during morning and evening periods, and can also be used for domestic hot water production. With a coefficient of performance (COP) of 2 and a total installation cost significantly lower than conventional systems, the proposed solution proves to be energy-efficient, cost-effective, and suitable for local implementation. The system offers a sustainable alternative to conventional air conditioning by using locally available materials and renewable energy. http://ijaems.com/detail/performance-analysis-of-a-solar-air-heating-system-for-thermal-comfort-in-tropical-buildings-case-study-in-madagascar/ Andry Thierry Randrianarinosy, Jean Marc Fabien Sitraka Randrianirina, Falinirina Andrianjatovo, J. J Zoe Tiganà Mandimby , Zely Arivelo Randriamanantany http://ijaems.com/upload_images/issue_files/6IJAEMS-10920253-Performance.pdf Ravisson Apparels Pvt ltd (name masked) is a leading pure-play fashion retailer in the Indian fashion retail landscape. Ravisson Apparels Pvt ltd (RAPL) sells a range of products including apparel and lifestyle accessories for men, women and kids. RAPL is sourcing most of its vegan leather handbags from China. This case is based on the challenges faced by the company as it contemplates shifting the manufacturing base of its vegan leather handbags to India. Given the supply chain challenges faced by the company due to COVID-19 in addition to the fact that the “Make-in-India” movement has gained strength among Indian citizens in recent years, RAPL would like to shift at least 80 per cent of its handbag sourcing to India. Currently it sources only around 10-15 per cent of its handbags from Indian suppliers. The company conducts a comparative analysis of Indian and Chinese vendors while thoroughly examining the challenges involved. A team of 10 sourcing managers is formed to study the methodology of reshoring the production of PU handbags to India. A report submitted by the team leads the light on the homework to be done before undertaking this massive change in sourcing strategy. The team compares suppliers from India and China on several parameters including material and trims cost, labour cost, manufacturing cost, overheads, freight and intangible factors like design language, supplier development, etc. The study shows that the answers to the vexing questions the company faces are not so straight forward and many externalities are involved. http://ijaems.com/detail/strategic-sourcing-of-fashion-accessories-the-china-plus-one-plan-for-a-pureplay-fashion-retailer/ Ettishri B. Rajput, Dr. Daisy Kurien http://ijaems.com/upload_images/issue_files/7IJAEMS-10920257-Strategic.pdf Due to the rapid increase in digital data and the rise in sophisticated cyber threats, the demand for smart, automated, and scalable cybersecurity solutions are more essential now than ever. Conventional intrusion detection systems (IDS) typically use signature-grounded or heuristic approaches, which have difficulty identifying new or advanced attacks in live. Recent progress in artificial intelligence (AI), especially deep learning (DL), has unveiled new possibilities in creating adaptive and live threat spotting systems that can learn intricate patterns from extensive flows of network data. This study examines and contrasts the effectiveness of three advanced deep learning frameworks—CNN, RNN, and Transformer models (TMs) — in live intrusion detection within cybersecurity contexts. The research employs benchmark datasets like CIC-IDS2017 and UNSW-NB15, which feature a varied collection of contemporary cyber threats, including DoS, DDoS, botnets, and brute-force assaults. Each model is trained and evaluated with the help of the identical preprocessing pipeline encompassing normalization, encoding, and live simulation of data flow to properly represent the real deployment. The detection performances are evaluated along the accuracy, false rate, precision, recall, F1 score, and inference duration on each event. In addition, special significance is laid on each Model's ability to generalize on unknown attack types and deliver responses within milliseconds, a vital consideration in live detection and prevention. Initial observations point out that while CNNs are proficient in drawing spatial features from static data chunks, RNNs outperform them in time-sequence patterns recognition for time-series network traffic. Nevertheless, the TM fares better in accuracy and in terms of generalization abilities; its self-attention mechanism is at work to capture dependencies efficiently both in short and long ranges without the constraints involved during training of RNNs. Moreover, Transformer-powered Models fine-tuned for low-latency inference present the best compromise between speed and accuracy for live cybersecurity purposes. http://ijaems.com/detail/real-time-intrusion-detection-leveraging-deep-learning-a-comparative-analysis-of-cnn-rnn-and-transformer-architectures/ Dr. Mohammed Musthafa http://ijaems.com/upload_images/issue_files/8IJAEMS-109202510-Real-Time.pdf The incorporation of Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially deep learning models, into cybersecurity frameworks has greatly improved the identification and mitigation of cyber threats. Nonetheless, these smart systems encounter a significant and rising threat—adversarial attacks. Malicious entities create subtle alterations in network traffic or system actions that mislead AI models into misidentifying threats as harmless, facilitating evasion tactics that can circumvent real-time intrusion detection systems (IDS). This study investigates the susceptibility of deep learning-based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to adversarial examples and suggests a robust detection framework aimed at improving resilience against these evasion tactics. The suggested system merges adversarial training, input sanitization, and resilient model architectures, including adversarial-aware Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and defensive autoencoders. Employing benchmark datasets like CIC-IDS2017 and UNSW-NB15, we recreate various adversarial scenarios—created using Fast Gradient Sign Method (FGSM) and Projected Gradient Descent (PGD)—to evaluate the effect on detection performance. Experimental findings indicate that conventional DL models experience a significant decline in performance when exposed to adversarial circumstances, with accuracy decreasing by more than 20% in certain instances. Conversely, our suggested framework shows a noticeable enhancement in adversarial robustness, keeping more than 91% detection accuracy during attacks and considerably lowering false positives. http://ijaems.com/detail/adversarial-robustness-in-ai-driven-cybersecurity-solutions-thwarting-evasion-assaults-in-real-time-detection-systems/ Dr. Mohammed Musthafa http://ijaems.com/upload_images/issue_files/9IJAEMS-109202512-Adversarial.pdf Thesis writing is an important part of senior high school education, especially under the K-12 curriculum. This study looked into how well Grade 12 students understand the different parts of thesis writing. It focused on four main areas: Chapter 1 (the problem and review of related literature), Chapter 2 (methodology), Chapter 3 (presentation, interpretation, and analysis of data), and Chapter 4 (summary, conclusion, and recommendation). The researcher used a descriptive survey method and gathered data from 725 Grade 12 students from selected public schools in Nueva Ecija. A survey questionnaire was used to measure students' level of understanding in each chapter. Results showed that students had a good level of understanding in all four chapters. In Chapter 1, they understood how to explain the importance of their study and relate it to existing literature. In Chapter 2, students could identify research methods and tools, but some needed more help with technical parts like sampling and statistics. In Chapter 3, they could present their findings clearly using visuals like tables and graphs, though some lacked depth in interpretation. In Chapter 4, they were able to write conclusions and recommendations based on their findings, but a few needed to improve clarity and completeness. This study suggests that while students have a generally good grasp of thesis writing, teachers still need to guide them more, especially in areas that are more technical or detailed. http://ijaems.com/detail/managing-the-level-of-understanding-in-thesis-writing-among-grade-12-students/ Harold A. Bartolome http://ijaems.com/upload_images/issue_files/10IJAEMS-109202511-Managing.pdf The research study examines how emotional exhaustion and work engagement act as mediating factors. They serve as intermediary links in the chain of events between abusive leadership and employee job output. The study aims to understand the extent to which emotional exhaustion mediates the negative impact of abusive leadership on job output, as well as how work engagement can act as a counteractive force. Additionally, the study has explored the moderating role of mindfulness. Mindfulness refers to the practice of being present and fully aware of one's thoughts, feelings, and surroundings without judgment. Mindfulness can act as a protective factor for employees exposed to abusive leadership. It may help employees cope with the negative emotions associated with abusive behaviour and reduce the extent to which emotional exhaustion affects their job output. Mindfulness could also enhance work engagement by promoting resilience and a positive outlook, even in the face of challenging leadership. In summary, this research aimed to uncover the intricate relationship between abusive leadership, emotional exhaustion, work engagement, and mindfulness. By examining how these factors interact, the study provides insights into how organizations can mitigate the negative effects of abusive leadership on employee job output and well-being. The analysis employed SPSS, and the results indicated correlation between the two mediators. http://ijaems.com/detail/impact-of-abusive-leadership-on-employee-job-output/ M Haider Sultan Malik http://ijaems.com/upload_images/issue_files/11IJAEMS-109202513-Impact.pdf This descriptive research analyzed the support systems and strategies for facilitating supplemental short soft skills and micro badges of the 113 College of Hospitality and Tourism management students of Wesleyan University-Philippines. The profile of the respondents was described, as well as their short-term soft skills and micro badges earned. Additionally, support systems by the university and strategies employed by service providers were also explored. The study found that the large majority of respondents are 22-year-old female BSHM students with a moderate weekly allowance. The respondents' top 5 earned skills are communication skills, teamwork, adaptability, time management and hospitality supervisor certificate of American Hospitality Academy (AHA), while their top 5 micro badges are Customer Service Management in Tourism and Hospitality, Travel and Tourism Supervision, Travel and Tourism Operations, Travel Geography, and Destination Analysis. Institutional support is useful for access to soft skills and micro badge programs for the respondents, but improved scheduling and convenience are necessary to facilitate greater participation. Lastly, the strategies offered by the service providers are useful and understandable, but they should be more inspiring to encourage students to stay engaged. http://ijaems.com/detail/enhancing-students-success-an-in-depth-analysis-of-support-systems-and-strategies-for-facilitating-supplemental-short-soft-skill-courses-and-micro-badges/ Jonah Faye Gaspar, Joepet Portana, Leamor Serrano, Nikki Toga, Nancy Mae Ricio, Renee Christelle Ramos http://ijaems.com/upload_images/issue_files/12IJAEMS-11020253-Enhancing.pdf This descriptive research entitled “Preparations and Inclinations of the College of Hospitality and Tourism Management’s National Skills Competition Winners” investigated the specializations of 50 Wesleyan University Philippines’ students, as well as their preparations and inclinations in joining the National Skills Competitions. The findings revealed that most students specialize in cooking and baking. Students feel most prepared for national skills competitions when they are well-informed and supported. Also, students are highly motivated to join national skills competitions because they see them as valuable opportunities for industry experience and professional growth. Lastly, the CHTM program should continue encouraging participation by promoting school pride and providing more chances for industry networking. http://ijaems.com/detail/preparations-and-inclinations-of-the-chtm-s-national-skills-competition-winners/ Dulce Amor Padilla, Girlie Lagasca, Celestino Bautista Jr., Roselia Nunez, Gary Raymond Tangonan http://ijaems.com/upload_images/issue_files/13IJAEMS-11020254-Preparations.pdf