http://ijaems.com/ Open Access international Journal to publish research paper en-us This study aims to develop a conceptual architectural model of a fault-tolerant distributed software system based on the integration of microservice architecture, resilience mechanisms, and adaptive control. The study is conducted as a structured systematic review with elements of qualitative analysis of scientific publications addressing architectural solutions in cloud, microservice-based, and distributed computing environments. The main focus is placed on the relationship between system architecture, failure propagation patterns, and performance and resilience indicators. Key fault-tolerance mechanisms are examined, including service decomposition, asynchronous interaction, horizontal scaling, load balancing, and the distribution of functions across system layers. It is established that the impact of architectural decisions is systemic in nature and manifests through their combined influence on latency, overload resilience, and recovery capability. The study demonstrates that fault tolerance is not the result of applying isolated mechanisms, but emerges from the coordinated interaction of architectural layers. A conceptual model of a fault-tolerant distributed system is proposed, reflecting the interconnection between infrastructure, platform, application, failure management, and adaptive intelligent layers. The results obtained make it possible to consider architecture as a tool for managing system behavior under conditions of failure and uncertainty, requiring the integration of adaptive control and predictive mechanisms. The article may be of interest to researchers in distributed systems, software architects, and practitioners involved in the design of high-load and fault-tolerant systems. http://ijaems.com/detail/architectural-design-patterns-for-fault-tolerant-distributed-software-systems/ Dmitrii Bezfamilnyi http://ijaems.com/uploads_images/issue_files/1IJAEMS-10420262-Architectural.pdf This article examines architectural mechanisms for preserving architectural consistency and system knowledge context during the transition to generative-oriented software development. The study adopts an analytical synthesis of recent empirical and review research, treating generative development as a system-level architectural process rather than a model-centric activity. The analysis builds on recent studies on the use of language models in architecturally significant engineering processes, as well as on approaches to explicit knowledge representation, architectural decision capture, and process-level governance of software development. It is shown that the risks of architectural degradation in generative development are driven not so much by the quality of individual generation outputs as by the absence of mechanisms for maintaining architectural invariants and causal relationships between requirements, decisions, and their implementation. The reviewed empirical evidence suggests that preserving repository-level architectural context improves the functional correctness of automatically generated artifacts; however, this effect does not extend to the level of system decomposition and inter-service interactions. Special attention is given to interpreting architectural consistency as a cross-cutting property of the development process, shaped by the interaction of external knowledge representations, architectural decision capture mechanisms, and managed process control loops. It is shown that none of these mechanisms in isolation ensures stable preservation of architectural integrity in generative development. The article may be of interest to researchers and practitioners in the fields of software architecture, architectural knowledge management, and the industrial application of generative technologies. http://ijaems.com/detail/mechanisms-for-preserving-architectural-consistency-and-system-knowledge-context-during-the-transition-to-generative-ai-driven-development/ Shaliev Andrii http://ijaems.com/uploads_images/issue_files/2IJAEMS-10420267-Mechanisms.pdf This study investigates the behavioral intention of Generation Z consumers in Nueva Ecija, Philippines, to use mobile commerce (m-commerce) platforms, guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). With the growing prominence of m-commerce among digital natives, understanding the drivers of their engagement is essential for businesses and policymakers. Anchored on the model of Meghisan-Toma et al. (2021), this study examines the influence of attitude toward using mobile commerce (ATUMC), social influence (SI), and perceived behavioral control (PBC) on behavioral intention to use m-commerce (BIUM). A total of 183 purposively selected respondents aged 18–25 participated in the study. Data were gathered using a structured survey adapted from validated instruments and analyzed using Jamovi statistical software. Descriptive statistics revealed that Gen Z respondents generally "Agreed" with all m-commerce constructs, with females and frequent online shoppers expressing higher levels of agreement. Lazada users demonstrated stronger attitudes and motivations compared to users of other platforms. ANOVA results showed no significant differences in behavioral intention across gender and platform use. However, shopping frequency was significantly associated with attitude and usage motivation, indicating that frequent exposure to m-commerce builds stronger engagement. Correlation analysis indicated strong, positive, and statistically significant relationships among all four TPB constructs. Attitude, social influence, and perceived behavioral control were all significantly correlated with behavioral intention. Regression analysis confirmed these findings, with the three predictors jointly explaining 65.7% of the variance in behavioral intention. Among them, social influence emerged as the strongest predictor, followed by perceived behavioral control and attitude. Findings validate the TPB framework and highlight the importance of social and motivational factors in promoting m-commerce among digital natives. It is recommended that m-commerce providers enhance user experience by leveraging peer influence strategies, improving usability features, and cultivating user confidence. Local businesses and institutions should also support digital literacy and m-commerce awareness to promote informed and habitual engagement among the youth. http://ijaems.com/detail/understanding-the-behavioral-intention-to-use-mobile-commerce-among-generation-z-a-theory-of-planned-behavior-approach/ Dr. Renato L. Virola, Dr. Nestor C. Natividad, Prof. Florabell B. Aragon http://ijaems.com/uploads_images/issue_files/3IJAEMS-10420263-Understanding.pdf This study investigated the mentoring practices of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Villa de Bacolor, Pampanga, and assessed their impact on organizational productivity, operability, and employee attributes. Mentoring was recognized as a strategic tool for enhancing SME resilience and competitiveness; however, limited studies had explored its structured impact within this region. Using a descriptive-correlational design as outlined by Creswell (2019), data were collected from 678 respondents (315 mentors and 363 mentees) drawn from a population of 8,158 individuals. This approach facilitated an analysis of mentoring practices and their relationship with SME productivity outcomes. Findings revealed that mentoring practices, particularly structured modules, mentor expertise, and consistent mentoring frequency, significantly enhanced strategic planning, market efficiency, operational processes, and financial productivity. Weighted mean scores demonstrated high satisfaction with mentoring across these dimensions. However, challenges were noted in areas such as adaptability to rapidly changing market conditions and sustaining the long-term benefits of mentoring programs. These challenges underscored the need for more dynamic mentoring strategies and ongoing support mechanisms to address evolving SME needs. The study highlighted the importance of structured, expert-led, and relationship-focused mentoring for SMEs, recommending tailored modules, regular mentor training, and continuous evaluation to address existing gaps. A strategic mentoring framework was proposed to sustain productivity gains and promote SME growth. Overall, mentoring was affirmed as a critical factor in enhancing productivity, adaptability, and competitiveness, positioning it as an essential component for SME development and economic contributions in Bacolor, Pampanga. http://ijaems.com/detail/mentoring-practices-and-their-influence-on-productivity-and-operability-in-bacolor-smes-basis-for-strategic-plan/ Nessa Dimalanta Brillantes http://ijaems.com/uploads_images/issue_files/4IJAEMS-104202610-Mentoring.pdf Migration restructures enterprise applications through redefinition of service boundaries, data ownership, and coordination routines under distributed execution. Tightly coupled components constrain scaling because shared schemas and execution paths bind functionality across layers and prevent direct isolation. Decomposition, communication, and data separation evolve simultaneously when engineers transform such systems. Structural dependencies interact with runtime behavior and domain semantics during boundary formation, which produces instability at early stages and requires iterative refinement. Coordination overhead increases when network communication replaces local execution and introduces synchronization and fault-handling mechanisms. The work sets a task to explain how these processes interact under conditions of structural resistance and distributed deployment. Analytical review combined with conceptual synthesis is used to reconstruct relationships between decomposition, interaction, and coordination. Heterogeneous studies provide evidence of recurring mechanisms and inconsistent interpretation of their interaction. Migration redistributes complexity across architectural layers and requires continuous adjustment of system configuration. The article will be useful for researchers and practitioners involved in distributed system design and architectural transformation. http://ijaems.com/detail/a-review-of-modern-strategies-for-migrating-monolithic-enterprise-applications-to-microservices-architecture-challenges-patterns-and-best-practices/ Sai Sruthi Puchakayala http://ijaems.com/uploads_images/issue_files/5IJAEMS-10520264-AReview.pdf This research examines spatiotemporal land cover changes in the Bahr El Jebel Basin using remote sensing, with emphasis on wetland-related classes and their hydro-climatic controls. Land use/land cover dynamics were derived from Dynamic World data based on Sentinel-2 imagery. Rainfall variability was assessed using CHIRPS, actual evapotranspiration was obtained from WaPOR, and water levels in Lakes Victoria, Kyoga, and Albert were used as indicators of upstream hydrological forcing from the Equatorial Lakes system. The results show clear land cover changes across the basin, particularly in swamp and flooded vegetation classes. The year 2019 marked a major transition, after which wetland-related land cover expanded noticeably. Rainfall anomaly analysis indicated wetter-than-normal conditions in both the Bahr El Jebel reach and the Equatorial Lakes sub-basin during 2019 and the following years. At the same time, lake levels in the Equatorial Lakes system increased, indicating stronger upstream storage and downstream flow support. In contrast, the precipitation–evapotranspiration analysis showed that evapotranspiration exceeded precipitation during most months, suggesting that local rainfall alone was insufficient to maintain flooded vegetation. The findings indicate that the recent expansion of flooded vegetation in the Bahr El Jebel Basin was driven mainly by upstream inflows from the Equatorial Lakes system, while local rainfall played a secondary role. The study demonstrates the usefulness of remote sensing for monitoring land cover dynamics in data-scarce wetland basins. http://ijaems.com/detail/investigating-spatiotemporal-land-cover-changes-in-the-bahr-el-jebel-basin-using-remote-sensing/ Ahmed Y. Abed, Aly N. El-Bahrawy, Eman Soliman, Amr Fawzy, Hoda Soussa http://ijaems.com/uploads_images/issue_files/6IJAEMS-10520261-Investigating.pdf This study assessed nurses’ break compliance in the ambulatory environment as a basis for developing a Strategic Quality Management Plan (SQMP). Specifically, the study determined the weekly and monthly break compliance rates of nurses from July to October 2025, identified trends in break adherence, analyzed the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) associated with break compliance, and proposed evidence-based strategic interventions to improve workforce well-being and patient safety. The study utilized a quality improvement case study approach conducted at the Sanford Urgent Care Clinic in Fargo, North Dakota, USA. Data were gathered from Sanford API Employee Meal Break Reports, staffing schedules, audit reports, and compliance monitoring records involving Registered Nurses, Licensed Practical Nurses, and Patient Care Technicians assigned to 8-hour and 12-hour shifts. Descriptive statistics, including frequencies, percentages, and monthly averages, were used to analyze compliance trends. Findings revealed that overall weekly break compliance remained low at 45.16%, while monthly compliance rates ranged from 43.47% in July to 52.54% in October 2025, indicating persistent challenges in maintaining uninterrupted mandatory breaks. Results further showed that staffing shortages, high patient volume, workload demands, and organizational culture significantly contributed to break non-compliance. The SWOT analysis highlighted operational strengths and opportunities, while emphasizing threats related to burnout, fatigue, and patient safety. Based on the findings, a Strategic Quality Management Plan was proposed focusing on staggered break scheduling, break nurse implementation, staffing optimization, real-time compliance monitoring, and wellness promotion programs to improve nurses’ break adherence and healthcare quality outcomes. http://ijaems.com/detail/nurses-break-compliance-in-the-ambulatory-environment-basis-for-a-strategic-quality-management-plan/ Katherine Ann A. Estimada, Maria Karmela C. Del Rosario http://ijaems.com/uploads_images/issue_files/7IJAEMS-10520267-Nurses.pdf This study aimed to assess the AI literacy level and digital citizenship competence of Senior High School Social Studies students in Sta. Rosa City, Laguna, and to examine the significant relationship between these two variables. Specifically, the research sought to measure students' AI literacy across three dimensions — knowledge, skills, and ethical awareness — and their digital citizenship competence across four dimensions: etiquette, safety and security, rights and responsibilities, and online civic engagement. The ultimate objective of the study was to develop a Technology-Driven Civic Learning Framework to guide educators in integrating AI literacy and digital citizenship into Social Studies instruction in Philippine public senior high schools. The study employed a Descriptive-Explanatory Mixed-Methods Design consisting of two sequential phases. In the quantitative phase, a Descriptive-Correlational Design was used to gather and analyze numerical data from 152 Senior High School students enrolled in the Humanities and Social Sciences (SOCIAL STUDIES) strand at Don Jose Integrated High School and Sinalhan Integrated High School. The findings support the hypothesis that higher levels of AI literacy are associated with stronger digital citizenship competence, particularly in ethical, communicative, and civic dimensions. Based on the integrated quantitative and qualitative findings, a Technology-Driven Civic Learning Framework was developed to guide senior high school educators in embedding AI literacy and digital citizenship into Social Studies instruction. http://ijaems.com/detail/ai-literacy-and-digital-citizenship-competence-of-senior-high-school-social-studies-students-in-sta-rosa-city-basis-for-a-technology-driven-civic-learning-framework/ Joenilene Mae S. Gonzales, Alex S. Sanchez http://ijaems.com/uploads_images/issue_files/8IJAEMS-10420264-AILiteracy.pdf The article examines the transformation of international fare regulation standards in civil aviation under the pressure of NDC, API distribution, continuous pricing, dynamic offer creation, and airline retailing. The topic gains relevance because airlines still depend on common fare, ticketing, and distribution standards, while digital tools move pricing decisions closer to the customer request. The study aims to explain how unified fare rules coexist with differentiated airline pricing strategies. The methodology combines source analysis, comparative interpretation, conceptual synthesis, typologization, and analytical generalization. The source base consists of recent academic and industry publications on IATA distribution standards, ATPCO fare infrastructure, dynamic offers, continuous pricing, ancillary optimization, inter-organizational systems, and value migration in aviation. The article identifies the movement from filed fares toward offer-based commercial architecture, explains the changing function of tariff specialists, and proposes governance principles for airlines that introduce dynamic fare tools without losing distribution reliability. http://ijaems.com/detail/evolution-of-international-fare-regulation-standards-in-civil-aviation-amid-industry-digital-transformation/ Zhumassultanova Dina http://ijaems.com/uploads_images/issue_files/9IJAEMS-10520263-Evolution.pdf The company “Kalli Tempeh” offers a product called “Tentlitonalli,” a food made from soybeans and rice with amaranth, fermented with a fungus called Rhizopus Oligosporus. According to Leal (2023), tempeh is one of the fermented plant-based foods with the highest nutritional value, as it is rich in isoflavones, fiber, probiotics, proteins, and minerals—bioactive compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, estrogenic, and satiating properties. These characteristics make it a strategic food for improving students’ nutritional quality. The initiative is being carried out at CETis 164 in Cuitláhuac, where there is a growing concern about promoting healthy eating habits among the student community. This project aligns with the national Healthy Living strategy “Live Healthy, Live Happy” promoted by the Government of Mexico, which aims to reduce the consumption of products high in fat, sodium, and sugars in favor of natural and nutritious foods. For this reason, “Tentlitonalli” is presented as a viable alternative for inclusion in the school cooperative, produced by Mexican women and aligned with the promotion of student well-being. Furthermore, the project is evaluated not only on the basis of its commercial viability, but also on its alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda. The planning and implementation of the project can have a positive impact on society. http://ijaems.com/detail/health-you-can-feel-happiness-you-can-experience/ María Guadalupe Espinosa Hernández http://ijaems.com/uploads_images/issue_files/10IJAEMS-10520262-Health.pdf This study examined the impact of the oil crisis on the lives and academic experiences of business students at the Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology (NEUST) – Atate Campus, Palayan City, Nueva Ecija. It focused on students enrolled in the Bachelor of Science in Business Administration (BSBA) and Bachelor of Science in Entrepreneurship (BS Entrep) programs under the College of Management and Business Technology. The study aimed to determine the effects of the oil crisis in terms of transportation expenses, daily living expenses, financial stress, attendance, concentration, and academic performance, as well as the coping strategies employed by students. A quantitative descriptive research design was utilized, with data collected from 201 randomly selected respondents using a structured questionnaire with a four-point Likert scale. The findings revealed that students strongly agree that the oil crisis significantly affects their transportation expenses, daily living expenses, and financial stress. Meanwhile, the impact on attendance, concentration, and academic performance was found to be moderate. Students coped with these challenges by budgeting their allowance, reducing non-essential expenses, and seeking alternative transportation. The study recommends the implementation of support interventions to help students manage the challenges brought about by the oil crisis. http://ijaems.com/detail/s/ Dr. Nestor C. Natividad, Isagani F. Pascua, Rhomark D. Jardiel, Rolando P. Corpuz, Gerald A. Quijano http://ijaems.com/uploads_images/issue_files/11IJAEMS-10520266-Support.pdf The article is dedicated to the explanation of architectural patterns that shape distributed energy management systems implemented through programmable logic controllers. Relevance is determined by the rapid spread of distributed renewable generation, storage units, and supervisory platforms across distributed energy sites, where stable operation increasingly depends on how heterogeneous components are coordinated rather than on the performance of any single device. Novelty lies in the interpretation of PLC-based energy management as a layered control environment in which signal validation, semantic normalization, communication mediation, mode logic, and predictive adjustment are structurally interconnected. The work describes the internal organization of these architectures and studies how control functions are redistributed between field devices, PLC loops, gateways, supervisory systems, and analytical layers. Special attention is given to interoperability under protocol fragmentation, export-limiting behavior, and the separation of control-critical data from telemetry streams. The work sets itself the goal of explaining how such architectures preserve stability under variability and partial degradation. Analytical review, comparative interpretation, conceptual grouping, and synthesis are used to solve this task. The conclusion describes the structural conditions of resilient design. The article will be useful for automation engineers, system integrators, and researchers working with hybrid distributed energy infrastructures. http://ijaems.com/detail/architectural-patterns-for-distributed-energy-management-systems-based-on-programmable-logic-controllers/ Arkadi Port http://ijaems.com/uploads_images/issue_files/12IJAEMS-104202611-Architectural.pdf