The analysis of Influence of Supervision and organizational climate to Teachers’ Performance with Work Ethic as an Intervening Variable

The research objective to be achieved by the researcher is to discover whether there is a direct or indirect influence of supervision variables, organizational climate on teachers’ performance with work ethic as an intervening variable. The population in this research is the teachers at the Masjid Meranti Foundation. In this research all populations are taken as samples, while the implemented data analyzing method was that of path-analysis. The findings of the study indicated that all the hypotheses were accepted, the supervision variable has a significant direct influence on work ethic; the organizational climate variable has a significant direct influence on work ethic; the supervision variable has a significant direct influence on consumer teacher performance; the organizational climate variable has a significant direct influence on teacher performance; work ethic variable has a significant direct influence on teacher performance; And the supervision variable and organizational climate indirectly have a significant effect on teacher performance through work ethic. Keywords—supervision, organizational climate, work ethic, performance.


INTRODUCTION
Supervision is very important to be carried out by the organization in its operational activities to prevent the possibility of deviations by taking corrective actions against these deviations to achieve the goals set by the previous organization. Effective supervision provides aid for efforts to organize work in order for better implementation. The supervisory function is the last function of the management process. This function consists of the tasks of monitoring and evaluating organizational activities in order to achieve the target of the. In other words, the monitoring function assesses whether the plan that has been set in the planning function has been reached.
The Principal as leader certainly has the responsibility to manage the improvement program of education quality. Therefore, the Principal should be able to carry out effective supervision as mandated in the Minister of National Education Regulation Number 13 of 2007 concerning Standards of Principal. The importance of successful supervision to the improvement of education quality certainly adds to the demand for the implementation of supervisory programs prepared by the school principal.
Supervision by the school principal is as an effort of the school principal in guaranteeing that each teacher carries out their duties and functions efficiently, effectively, productively and responsibly. In addition, the supervision of the principal also functions as a tool for evaluating the performance of a teacher to determine the policy that will be taken by the Principal for the teacher concerned, such as promotion or transfer of duty (mutation).
Supervision activities at the Meranti Mosque Foundation in Central Jakarta are usually carried out without prior notification to the teachers so that the teachers feel trapped. Frequently, principals as supervisors keep a distance from the teachers. With these conditions, many teachers try to show their best performance only when observations take place therefore the teacher's actual performance cannot be measured.
In addition to the supervision carried out by the principal, the conditions of organizational climate in the school also affect work ethic and teacher performance. Principal leadership is expected to be able to create conducive organizational climate, in order to improve teacher performance. Gibson (2003) states that organizational climate is a series of environmental conditions that are felt directly and indirectly by employees. This illustrates organizational climate as a number of conditions or a series of conditions that can directly or indirectly, consciously or unconsciously, affect employees. The organizational climate that describes the atmosphere and working relations among educators, between educators and school principals, between educators and other education personnel and between services in their environment is a manifestation of a conducive work environment. This atmosphere is very much needed by educators and principals to carry out their work more effectively.
Negative climate manifests itself in the form of competitive, contradictory, invidious, opposed, ignorant, individualistic, selfish intercommunications. Negative climate can reduce teacher performance. Positive climate shows a close relationship with each other in many ways. There is mutual cooperation between them. All problems that arise are resolved together through deliberation. Positive climate shows that activities run harmoniously and in a peaceful, calm atmosphere that provides a sense of peace, comfort to the teachers. Positive climate in school forms if there is a good and harmonious relationship between the principal and teachers, teachers with teachers, teachers with administrative staffs, and students.
From observations, the organizational climate in the Central Jakarta Meranti Mosque Foundation appear quite conducive, but there are still some teachers who cannot be requested to work together in supporting teaching and learning activities, less accountable for teaching and learning activities which can be seen from those who only provide notes on the blackboard for students to write down or just work on the questions in the Student Activity Sheet, while the teacher doesn't do anything except to sit quietly at the front desk. The formation of a conducive climate for organizations can be a supporting factor for improving performance because comfort in work contains teachers to think calmly and will concentrate solely on the tasks being carried out.
Aside from a conducive school organizational climate, a high teacher work ethic is needed in improving his/her performance. A high teacher work ethic will determine the success of the effort and the learning process in school. An employee who has a high work ethic generally has a mental attitude in carrying out activities or work that is manifested in work behavior such as punctuality, responsibility, hard work, rationality and honesty. So, it is clear that the values contained in work ethic are very important in supporting the achievement of the level of employee performance. Teachers in the world of education have an important role in the success of learning. Teachers who have good personalities and characteristics are the main capital in achieving learning success. In order to optimize the quality of learning, teachers are required to be able to achieve their intended goals. One factor that needs to be considered in work ethic of teachers is the characteristic of someone who always prioritizes the quality of work to obtain maximum results. The work ethic possessed by the teacher will produce maximum quality of work.
In relation to the teacher's tasks in carrying out the daily learning process in school, the optimum results that can be achieved are in the form of a smooth learning process of students, and leading to high achievement or student learning outcomes, all of which is a reflection of the performance of a teacher. In carrying out his/her daily tasks, the performance of a teacher is reflected in his/her role and function in the learning process in the classroom or outside the classroom, namely as an educator, teacher, and trainer. In carrying out their roles and functions in the learning process in the classroom, performance of a teacher can be seen in the activities of planning, implementing, and evaluating the learning process in which the intensity is based on the moral and professional attitude of a teacher.
Based on these conditions, it is necessary to conduct a research entitled "Analysis of the Influence of Supervision and Organizational Climate to Teachers' Performance with Work Ethic as an Intervening Variable in the Central Jakarta Masjid Meranti Foundation". The research objective to be achieved by the researcher is to discover whether there is a direct or indirect influence of supervision variables, organizational climate on teachers' performance with work ethic as an intervening variable.

II. THEORETICAL REVIEW 2.1. Supervision
Supervision is one of the functions of organizational management. As one of the management functions, the notion of supervision has specifically developed. Arikunto and Yuliana (2008) state that supervision is a control that aims to measure the level of effectiveness of work activities that have been carried out and the level of efficiency of the use of other components in the management process. While according to Simbolon (2004) supervision is the process by which the leader would like to recognize the results of the implementation of the work carried out by subordinates in accordance with the plans, orders, objectives, policies that have been determined.
The supervision system will be effective if the monitoring system meets the principle of flexibility. In educational organizations, supervision techniques according to Purwanto (2005) consist of: Some previous studies related to the influence of supervision on work ethic, among others: Mardiana (2013), where supervision of the principal has a relationship with the teachers' work ethic; Sukarman, et al (2013), the results of the research indicate that clinical supervision can significantly improve the teachers' work ethic; Rahayu and Sutardji (2015), prove that the impact in the implementation of supervision by principals in improving the ethic of teachers' work is fair or moderate.
While previous research related to the influence of supervision on employee performance, among others: Suryani

Organizational Climate
Kurt Lewin in the 1930s introduced the use of the term organizational climate. This term was then used by R. Tagiuri and G. Litwin. According to Wirawan (2008), organizational climate is the perception of organizational members (individuals and groups) and those who are constantly in touch with the organization on what is regularly present or occurring in the organization's internal environment, which affects organizational attitudes and behavior and the performance of organizational members which will then determine the organization's performance. In line with the opinion of Lussier (2005), organizational climate is an employee's perception of the internal environment quality of the organization relatively felt by members of the organization which will then influence their subsequent behavior.
According to Litwin and Stringer (1968) there are 6 (six) dimensions of organizational climate indicators, namely: 1. Responsibility. Describes the feelings of employees of becoming leaders themselves and never ask for opinions in regards to their decisions from others. This includes independence in completing their work.

Work Ethic
High work ethic of a teacher will determine the success of the effort and the learning process in school. Atmodiwirio (2000) suggests that work ethic is a person's views and attitudes in assessing what work means as part of life in order to improve their lives. Specifically, the notion of work ethic is the basis for improving work performance/operation of each employee. In reference to this research, it is work ethic of the teacher in carrying out his duties at school. In this case work ethic of the teacher is seen in terms of carrying out the tasks skillfully.
According to Tasmara (2002), indicators of employees' work ethic can be influenced by several factors, including: a) On time, teachers who are on time are teachers who show an attitude of obedience to the provision of time. b) Responsibility, teachers who are responsible show the attitude of: (1) Completing tasks well and on time, (2) Obedient and compliant to school disciplines. c) Honest, honest teachers are transparent in providing value to students; And d) Confidence. Teachers who have the attitude of confidence in carrying out their tasks can be reflected through: (1) Confidence of their own abilities, (2) Optimistic.  (2017) The results of the research show that work ethic has real influence on employee performance.

Performance
Performance in an organization is one element that cannot be separated in carrying out organizational tasks, either in the government or in private institutions. According to Mangkunegara (2008), employee performance is the quality and quality of work achieved by an employee in carrying out his/her duties in accordance with the responsibilities given to him. According to Sedarmayanti (2007), the notion of performance is the result of work that can be achieved by a person or group of people in an organization, in accordance with their respective authority and responsibility in an effort to achieve the objectives of the organization legally, not violating the law and in accordance with morals or ethics.
Therefore, performance or operation in the context of the teaching profession is an activity that includes learning planning, learning implementation/KBM, and evaluating or assessment of the learning result (MONE, 2008), which is the actualization of teacher competencies. The measurement results of the three activities illustrate the quantity and quality of the process and work results achieved by the teacher in teaching for a certain period of time. Thus, indicators of teacher teaching performance are: a. Learning planning. This stage is related to the teacher's ability to master teaching material. The ability of the teacher can be seen from the way or process of preparing the learning activities carried out by the teacher, namely developing syllabus and plan for the implementation of learning. b. Implementation of learning. Learning activities in the classroom are the core of the implementation of education which is characterized by classroom management activities, media use and teaching methods. c. Evaluation of learning results. At this stage a teacher is required to have the ability to determine approaches and methods of evaluation, preparation of evaluation materials, processing and the use of evaluation results.

Research Hypothesis
Based on the conceptual framework above the research hypothesis can be formulated as follows: a. It is assumed that supervision variable has direct influence on work ethic. b. It is assumed that organizational climate variable has direct influence on work ethic. c. It is assumed that supervision variable has direct influence on teacher performance. d. It is assumed that organizational climate variable has direct influence on teacher performance. e. It is assumed that work ethic variable has direct influence on teacher performance. f. It is assumed that supervision variables and organizational climate have an indirect influence on teacher performance through work ethic.

III. RESEARCH METHOD
The research method being used is a survey research, which focuses on relational research, i.e. researching the relationship of variables either directly or indirectly which places the emphasis on the research hypothesis. The population in this research is the teachers at the Masjid Meranti Foundation, both 39 permanent and non-permanent teachers. In this research all populations are taken as samples. Data sources are obtained from primary data and secondary data.
Based on the formulation of the problem, the frame of mind and the hypothesis proposed, the variables in the research are identified as follows: 1. Monitoring Variable (X1). Definition of supervision in general is an act of monitoring or examining the activities of an organization to ensure that the achievement of objectives is in accordance with the plan previously determined. Determination of score for each question against each statement uses a Likert scale which consists of 5 alternative choices, namely: strongly disagree (score 1) to strongly agree (score 5). After the questionnaire data is collected, the research materials are tested in the form of validity & reliability tests, as well as classic assumption tests. If the quality of data requirements is met, analysis of the data will be performed by using the path analysis approach. Path analysis is used to determine the causal relationship, with the aim of explaining the direct and indirect consequences of a set of variables, which is as a causal variable and consequential variable.

Research Finding
The results of the validity test will show that the value of rfor each statement indicator of each variable has a value of r ≥ 0.30, meaning that all items submitted are declared valid. While the reliability test results will show the value of Cronbach's alpha, each variable that is in accordance with the criteria has a value of ≥ 0.70, meaning that each variable has a fairly good level of reliability. The results of the classic assumption test will show that the linear and normal data, and there is no multicollinearity between independent variables. Hypothesis testing is done by using the Regression Weight test (loading factor), by looking at the significance of the probability value (P), to which the cut-off value of p <0.05 will be considered significant. The hypothesis test results are as follows: . Supervision in the world of education is carried out with the intention of being able to find positive and negative matters in implementing education. So it's not solely looking for mere mistakes. There are at least several factors that can improve the teacher's work ethic, both internal and external factors. According to Mulyana (2006), there are several factors, among others: a) Encouragement to work, b) Responsibility for the task, c) Interest in the task, d) Award for the task, e) Opportunity to develop, f) Attention from the principal, g) Interpersonal relationships with teachers, h) Personal experience of a teacher, i) Can improve the teacher's work ethic, and j) Library services. Based on this explanation, it can be seen that the teacher must obtain attention or supervision from the principal so that the teacher can improve his/her work ethic and a teacher must have a good work ethic in order to achieve formal education. The principal is required to be able to lead while organizing and managing the implementation of teaching programs held at the school he leads. In this case, the principal must be able to be a good supervisor, because supervision is very important for schools to improve the quality of education (Arikunto, 2008 Soetopo (2010), it states that if the organizational climate does not reflect a conducive situation, it will have an impact on the decline of individual and/or group incentives to provide trust and work effectively in running the organization. The basis of developing work ethic is a unity of interests that have mentioned many kinds of desires and needs of a person and group and to which these factors influence the success of a leader. According to Lubis in Sinamo (2002), good leaders must be able to foster a work ethic to develop values and something interesting in the organization. The leader must also be able to influence subordinates in carrying out daily tasks in order to achieve established organizational goals, with a maximum work ethic that will have a positive value on organizational success (Alang, 2014 A high work ethic should be owned by every employee because every organization really needs hard work and high commitment from every employee, otherwise the organization will find it difficult to develop, and win the competition in seizing its market share. Every organization that always wants to advance will involve its members for their performance, in other words every organization must have work ethic. Individuals or community groups can be declared to have a high work ethic (Yuliarti, 2016). 6. Sixth: It is assumed that supervision variable and organizational climate have indirect influence on teacher performance through work ethic.
The results show that the first hypothesis until the fifth hypothesis are all accepted and proven to be true. This means that the sixth hypothesis which states the supervision variable and organizational climate have indirect influence on the performance of teachers through work ethic is a. The contribution of supervision variable (X1) and organizational climate

V.
CONCLUSION Based on the results of the research and discussion it can be concluded that the supervision variable (X1) has a significant direct influence on work ethic (Y1). Similarly, the organizational climate variable (X2) has a significant direct influence on work ethic (Y1). The results also show that the supervisory variable (X1) has a significant direct influence on consumer teacher performance (Y2). Likewise, the organizational climate variable (X2) has a significant direct influence on teacher performance (Y2). Furthermore, work ethic variable (Y1) has a significant direct influence on teacher performance (Y2). And the supervision variable (X1) and organizational climate (X2) indirectly have a significant effect on teacher performance (Y2) through work ethic (Y1).