Design of an Open-Source Device for Immersion Staining of Cytological Samples

( Vol-12,Issue-1,January - February 2026 )

Author(s): Cortez Vela Diomari, Flores Sánchez Verónica, Vallejo Hernández Arely, Vásquez Rosas Sergio, Hernández Sánchez Uriel Alejandro, Padilla Flores Juan Manuel

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Page No: 126-128
DOI: 10.22161/ijaems.121.15

Keywords:

Cytological tests, automation, Arduino Uno, staining machine, open-source device.

Abstract:

This project details the design of a staining machine for processing samples in cytological tests for a clinical laboratory. The objective is to design a staining machine using local materials and components, ensuring a low manufacturing cost compared to commercial staining machines, and offering reliable staining through sequences programmable via a graphical interface. The designed device was based on a linear mechanism, in which the worktable consists of a separating base for cuvettes containing the chemical solutions for the stain. The samples are held in place by a basket, which adheres to the machine by means of electromagnets activated by the control system. Bipolar stepper motors were used for movement, activating a power screw mechanism. These motors were controlled using an Arduino Uno. Finally, an interface and a touchscreen were developed to allow execution of the staining sequences. Mechanical elements were selected according to local availability, achieving a competitive manufacturing cost.

Received: 11 Jan 2026; Received in revised form: 15 Feb 2026; Accepted: 20 Feb 2026; Available online: 25 Feb 2026

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